Mark wrote:I like to watch the pelicans glide low over the bay, they can go quite a distance without flapping, no more than 2 feet above the water. e.
The pelican is a real aerodynamic wonder, IMHO.
It has what I believe is one of the highest wing loadings in the bird world.
It's a real expert at energy conservation; in addition to maximizing the WIG concept (it has anhedral in the wings, to place them as close to the water as possible), they also ridge-soar the waves as much as possible, extracting the vertical component of the air as it moves.
Also, they fly in formation a lot. The poor leader gets a raw deal (but he gets replaced often!)--but the rest of them fly in the tip vortex of their neighbor; the result is a unique diagonal formation of birds with the alignment dictated by the physics of the vortex.
Like most birds they can also change the camber and twist of their wings at will; we're just now attempting to duplicate some of this active wing shaping, with modern composites.
Bill H.
Acoustic Propulsion Concepts
".......some day soon we'll be flying airplanes powered by pulsejets."